The tricks of a skilled magician take advantage of the natural tendency of the mind and couples that with additional elements of ‘the not seen”. Our minds are gifted at reaching practical conclusions while using the minimum amount of perceptual data, this is not only efficient, but highly necessary in maximizing our ability to survive.
We never truly see the world we functionally see. Most of the objects in the living room we navigate or the road on which we drive are only partially given to our vision. We don’t see the backs, or even a major portion of everything we perceive and know. The bulk of the lamp, couch and even friend we’re talking to are hidden from our view. So, is well over 50% of the car, building, telephone pole, curb and pedestrian which make up my perceptual field while driving. Add on to this the fact that our attention drifts and we execute most of our actions on auto pilot and our ability to live relatively blind is astounding.
Our mind is forever filling in huge gaps of perceptual data allowing us to successfully move about quickly and with little difficulty. We are so accustomed to this way of being in the world that we are generally blind to how little we actually see, and how much our mind fills in giving us the illusion of actually having a perceptual field and immediately seeing the world around us. As our eyes quickly scan our environment we have the illusion of seeing the entire room at once when it truth we are only seeing a fraction of the room (environment) at each focused moment.
Magicians take advantage of our limited vision and focus and trick us into making conclusions which are proven wrong in the end. By distracting our attention, encouraging us to make false conclusions, and doing actions in spaces we only think we see, the magician is able to trick or baffle us. The hand isn’t only quicker than the eye, but the mind is also often more involved in vision than the eye.
Vision isn’t the only aspect of our perception which uses the minimum amount of data to make an on-the-fly functional assessment of a given situation. Just as we can recognize someone by only seeing their hand we name a song after hearing just a few notes, or realize we are touching a couch on an initial bump in a darkened room.
Misleading people, and getting to think, feel and believe in things that they wouldn’t otherwise do is not just a magicians skill. Other long standing professions such as acting and the con man have long exploited the tendency of people to reach conclusions based on minimal evidence.
While magicians and actors have used this talent more to entertain and in some ways enlighten their audiences, con men have exploited our natural tendencies of mind for personal gain and control. Con men are famous for gaining one’s trust, for once you trust them you will accept and not question their tricks and motivations.
Yet, the desire to deceive, manipulate, and con has never been more common and pronounced as in the birth of the capitalistic consumer culture. The entire field of public relations was founded on the idea of how to influence people into seeing things the way you want them to. Good public relations allowed a company to retain a positive public image despite the fact that its success was dependent on your buying things you don’t need. Public relations became the science of propaganda and perceptual management.
In a free democracy funded by a capitalistic industrial consumer culture the role of public relations became increasingly important. In business the trust and loyalty of your client base was essential in ensuring your long term success. In politics the ability to convince voters to trust you and view you in a positive light was essential to your getting elected and staying in office.
Since the early 20th century the science of propaganda and perceptual management has been as important to business and government as any other science or discipline. The growth and importance of psychology in general and social psychology in particular has been powered by its essential role in both politics and business.
In 1917 the US government formed its official initial sanctioned body to assist in the new and important realm of perceptual management called the Committee on Public Information, also known as the CPI or the Creel Committee. As explained in Wikipedia CPI “was an independent agency of the government of the United States created to influence U.S. public opinion regarding American participation in World War I. Over just 28 months, from April 13, 1917, to August 21, 1919, it used every medium available to create enthusiasm for the war effort and enlist public support against foreign attempts to undercut America’s war aims.”
The techniques spawned by this rather successful venture in perceptual management helped social psychology and Public Relations become entrenched and cherished sciences of all capitalistic and democratic societies. Obviously propaganda techniques of deception and influence work best on people who are unaware of the exact areas their perceptions are being manipulated. This resulted in the avowed termination of the use of political propaganda being used domestically on US citizens and only being used as psychological warfare on foreign agents and governments.
In the political sphere the recognized usage of propaganda became relegated to the realm of psychological warfare and our stated desire to promote freedom and democracy throughout the globe. Wikipedia states that the U.S. Department of Defense (currently)defines psychological warfare as:
“The planned use of propaganda and other psychological actions having the primary purpose of influencing the opinions, emotions, attitudes, and behavior of hostile foreign groups in such a way as to support the achievement of national objectives.”[2]
While this definition states the primary purpose is on foreign groups it is logical that domestic groups and citizens can be the targets and recipients of propaganda if their views are contrary or not in support of our government’s national objectives. In this way it only makes sense that perceptual management techniques are used to raise capitalistic status quo sentiments and quell any ideologies or values which go against the grain.
In the area of commerce we have been able to be a little more honest about the pervasive use of perceptual management in the arena of advertising and corporate Public Relations. The blatant aspects of commercial advertising is admitted and embraced as a form of entertainment by business and the public alike. Every small business owner, tradesman and professional uses and is aware of others use of the art of selling one’s product.
While the more sophisticated and subtle forms of “marketing” and perceptual management are left unarticulated or examined, the general feeling is that most of modern advertising and perceptual influence is above board and benign. This has resulted in many people considering themselves advertising savvy and generally impervious to the techniques and influence of advertising.
It is common knowledge that our intelligence agencies spend a great deal of time, money and effort on improving the techniques of influence and propaganda in the whole spy world. Our ability to create, extinguish and direct insurgency and counterinsurgency movements in foreign nations is considered to be quite sophisticated. Our intelligence agencies have been credited with successfully using propaganda campaigns to incite a foreign coup, overthrowing enemy governments, and creating democratic movements in oppressed societies.
While the focus and ownership of Psychological Operations is on influencing foreign lands and peoples, throughout the years a number of government sponsored domestically targeted propaganda campaigns have come to light. Yet, their existence is quickly put in the past tense and their objective and influence is minimized whereby within a short time an agency of disinformation or brain washing is but a faint memory in the mass consciousness.
To me it doesn’t make any sense that our use of perceptual management is being relegated to the areas of advertising, foreign policy, and political campaigns. Obviously it would be counterproductive for our domestic propaganda and perceptual management programs to be popularized and admitted. Therefore, it is probably safe to assume that we are constantly being subjected to the latest and most sophisticated of social management and influence techniques.
No nation in history has devoted more of its intellectual and monetary resources in its military and related war industries. Our military research and expenditures are not just devoted to arms, bombs, planes and missiles. Modern warfare is not just about hardware and troops, but involves chemical, germ, biological, economic and psychological warfare.
During WWII the US recruited the greatest minds in physics to help build the first nuclear bombs. Likewise our space program of the 60’s also congregated the most advanced rocket scientists in order to insure the US won the “race to space”. Of course, the race to outer space was as much a defense department project as anything else. The push of the satellite boom came from a desire to control and monitor and communications as well as have a strategic advantage in standard warfare with the “eye in the sky”.
Most defense and war project have a tendency to filter down some of its technology for commercial and civilian use the satellite technology gave us huge improvements in meteorological information and prediction, as well as the birth of cable and satellite TV, as well as surveillance and GPS technology. Much of computer technology and the internet were originally defense projects.
During the two official years of the Committee on Public Information (CPI) great strides were made in the field of perceptual management similar to the success of the Manhattan Project. Propagandist’s learned just a few of the ways language and images could be used to elicit specific emotions and how to foster support for government policies and actions.
“The engineering of consent” as the early propagandists and Public Relations described their task has now been the commercial and political focus of the best social psychological minds for near a century. Perceptual management has received as much attention from our defense department as any other aspect of modern warfare. It is not only how we influence the decisions and policies of foreign nations, but it is also how we make sure our own nation stays stable and adapts and accepts the decisions of our leaders.
Though specific forms of subliminal messaging have been banned, we also know that violations of this ban have and do occur. We know about spin, and smear campaigns, and how our government through the media uses words to color and influence our thoughts and feelings. Yet, by and large we trust that our government is generally honest and well intentioned.
The success and effectiveness of propaganda and perceptual management is on its ability for its operation to remain hidden and secret. A popular magician can only let us in on how he did his trick if he no longer plans on doing that specific trick in that manner. His success at creating magic is dependent on our not knowing how he does it. Likewise, good perceptual management and propaganda is effective to the degree that those targeted to be influenced are ignorant of the exact techniques being used. The exception to this is if the audience finds the techniques entertaining and wants to be influences as this is the case with much of modern advertising such as most TV commercials.
We are peripherally aware that a lot of research has been done studying flocks, swarms and herds of birds, insects, and animals. We’ve not only studied the social behavior of living things but also studied the “group” behavior of things and events such as waves, sand piles, meteorological fronts, and various other “collectives” to understand, and predict group reaction. In both living and non-living collectives we are learning not only how to better predict when and what is about to happen, but in many cases are learning how we can influence and alter the actions of collectives.
By understanding the intricacies of a bee or ant colony we can influence and control much of the behavior of the group. The migration pattern of birds as well as the progression of wind patterns can be redirected and altered. The exact way in which this knowledge can be used in its application of human groups and herds is the stuff of modern research and science fiction. Yet, it is obvious that usages do and will exist for the purposed of perceptual management and social psychology.
The successful con man taught us years ago that their most effective psychological tool was to gain a person’s trust. Once a person trusted you they were easy prey to your confidence game. Even after the facts came to light many people were unwilling to believe that the con man wasn’t who he said he was, and that there had to be some mistake because he was such a good guy.
Yet, in the early years of social psychology other emotional tools than gaining trust were found to be just as effective. Two other successful emotional strategies are too create dependency or instigate fear. A fearful or dependent person will gladly hand over all power to someone who can protect them or act on their behalf.
Evidence of this method’s use in the US since the 1930’s is not hard to find. Fear mongering has been a staple of getting public support for most wars and military action. Likewise, fear of communism, socialism and terrorism have been used to blunt social change and well as have people relinquish their rights and privacies to insure their safety.
Our research and use of torture has likewise been used to teach us more on how to influence and control human behavior. The standard Hollywood version of the good cop bad cop strategy was born from the early studies of the psychology of torture. We also learned that a person being tortured often becomes dependent on their abuser. Since their very survival depends on the whims of their abuser they will often become attached to their abuser, and inside of that relationship became oddly loyal to their abuser.
Much of the early research into the science of propaganda was done by the Third Reich under Hitler’s Germany. One of their discoveries was that if you repeated a lie often enough, it would become accepted as truth by the majority of people. Over the last century this technique has still been a favorite of political propagandists around the globe.
While fear mongering and demonizing your opponent is still a pervasive tool of perceptual managers their are less blatant ways to discredit your opponent and thereby gain support for your position or agenda. It is rare that a single political race can be run in the US that does not involve some form of a smear campaign in which one candidates stock rises due to the lowering of credibility of the recipient of the smear campaign.
Discrediting or ruining the popularity of your opponent can be done is far subtler ways such as placing a bumper sticker for your opponent on a car and then having the driver of that car cut people off in traffic, swear at other motorists etc., all to have people associate the opposing candidate and their supporters as being jerks.
When peaceful demonstrators start to shift public favor against the war, the FBI and pro-war groups can infiltrate the demonstrations and try to incite the demonstrations to become violent while posing themselves as being anti-war demonstrators. Or if you’re a corporation whose profit margins are being threatened by ecological group you can turn public opinion against the ecologists by forming an ecological group that is extreme or has illegal practices thereby despoiling the popularity of ecological groups and their causes.
Most of the propaganda strategies I’ve listed in this post are pretty basic and would be taught in any basic course in Public Relations or Social Psychology. Yet, just as our government only sells relatively outdated weapons to our enemies, likewise, the latest generation of perceptual management techniques are not available for public knowledge.
Now, I’m a person with many interests, and trying to identify the ways in which my perceptions and actions are being influenced, managed and altered by professional propagandists does occupy my attention. Yet, people far smarter than myself, and very motivated and financially rewarded for developing methods and techniques to out fox even the savviest citizen, are working full time. Thousands of our best minds in social psychology are working directly and indirectly for our defense department in efforts to win wars fought on all fronts. All wars include not only physical wars, but psychological, chemical, biological, germ and ideological.
The fact is that trillions of dollars (mostly tax payer) are being funneled into defense department research insuring that our empire continues to rule the globe. The monitoring and winning of the hearts, minds and actions of people here and abroad is a practical and not just theoretical goal. We are being handled, monitored, influenced and coerced by the best financed and most intelligent army of perceptual engineers the world has ever known.
A successful corporation gives substantial campaign contributions to both candidates, to insure that whoever wins the election is grateful for, beholding to and dependent on their support. A skilled perceptual manager is ready and prepared for various outcomes. Even when a situation goes in an initially undesirable direction they stand poised to find a way to co-opt, exploit or redirect the matter in a profitable manner.
The current political turmoil in North Africa and the Middle East is a perfect example. The US has created, supported and maintained most of the despots whose future careers are in jeopardy. Yet, while exploiting the economic and political stability gained by dictatorships, we also have been funding and creating “democracy movements” in these very nations. The following is an except from an article I recently read in The Global Researcher on line by Andrew Gavin Marshall who is a Research Associate with the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG).
As the Council on Foreign Relations Task Force Report emphasized, “America’s goal in the Middle East should be to encourage democratic evolution, not revolution.”[26] Engineering, co-opting and controlling revolutionary movements or “democratic regime change”…..In a 2008 article in the New York Times, Brzezinski emphasized a multi-faceted strategy for dealing with this ‘threat’ to elite structures and interests, explaining that, “the monumental task facing the new president is to regain U.S. global legitimacy by spearheading a collective effort for a more inclusive system of global management.” Thus, Brzezinski’s strategy rests on better securing and institutionally expanding the process of ‘globalization’ into the evolution of ‘global governance,’ or as he termed it, “global management.” Brzezinski unveiled a four-point strategy of response: “unify, enlarge, engage and pacify.”[18]
The man alluded to is the article is geostrategist Zbigniew Brzezinski, an intellectual architect of ‘globalization who has been very influential in US foreign policy and strategy. As you can see he advocates that our government needs to “engineer”, “co-opt”, and “control” revolutionary movements.
I invite you to read more of his thoughts. In sum, Mr. Brzezinski goal is to help the US maintain its role as world leader. He feels that without our governments control the US and the world would fall into complete chaos.
Yet, Mr. Brzezinski is a true perceptual manager. He doesn’t want people in the US or abroad to truly have choice or a say in the government. He only wants them to think they have a choice and feel free.
He believes that our government has done a good job of stripping American’s of most of their rights (and wealth) while having them retain the perception of freedom. He feels that with our governments guidance despots can be removed and replaced with pseudo-Democracies keeping the basic power structure in place. This would diffuse anger and discontentment while maintaining fiscal stability and a hoarding of the wealth in its current hands. This is consistent with the idea of the New World Order version of Globalization first publicly trumpeted by George Bush I in the late 80’s.
So, while you read newspapers which have over 70% of their articles written and placed by special interest groups and listen to scripted TV and radio interview dialogue you just hold on to the idea that you are the master of your domain and the author of your viewpoints. While you are busy following the debate between liberals and conservatives and Republicans and Democrats I will try my best to watch the magicians hands while knowing I’m missing more than I’m catching.
Do you believe in magic?
Jim Guido
PS I have some songs which address some of the ideas raised by this post (i.e.: Svengali, Mob Rule, Say Boys, Lies, Demonic Democracy, Making Money, Someone Will Die Tonight)