GuidoWorld

Social Change

In the last post we were exploring the roles and functions of violence and aggression in humans and in animals. In this post we will look at the role violence and aggression play in social change.

If you look at the history books the bulk of social change is predicated on rebellion and revolution, on battles and wars. This view of social change through violence and upheaval fits well into the stereotypic view of male aggression, and his proclivity towards violence as a means of dealing with conflict.

In mid December I began to write posts about the differences in genders based on masculine and feminine sexual symbols and their meanings. In it we found that the stereotypic view of the masculine phallic imagery focused on violence and aggression as represented by missiles, guns, knives and other pointed lethal instruments. Yet, we also found that since the phallus also represents acts of penetration, probing, expansion and emission that many other less violent activities are phallic in nature. These included creativity, discovery, exploration and a drive for progress. This had us add to the list of phallic symbols such things as the pen, paintbrush, drills, microscope, telescope and many machines and medical instruments.

These other phallic images play a significant part in social change. Societies not only change due to wars, but also due to inventions and discoveries. Discoveries in medicine cured and prevented a number of diseases which greatly impacted the lengthening and quality of human life. Discoveries such as electricity caused as much if not more social change to occur as did any war. Inventions in transportation, communication, agriculture and artistic technology altered the way people see themselves, history and the future. These inventions and discoveries made it possible for people to have a greater say and stake into how their community is run and functions.

We live in societies where the bulk of social change lies outside the realm of brute force. Social change is often introduced and established through relatively peaceful means. Violence was not necessary for the birth of radio and TV, or the computer and the internet. Most of our laws are created through civil discussion. Beneficial changes in personal and social health are achieved without violence or aggression.
In fact even many of this past century’s greatest political social changes have been acquired through the techniques of passive resistance. Social revolutionary figures such as Martin Luther King, Gandhi, Nelson Mandela and the Dali Lama have made non-violence a cornerstone of their social change movements. The civil rights, women’s, and 60’s peace movement are all examples of successful non-violent campaigns along with the women’s suffrage movement.

All over the world social change is often attained through non-violent means such as peaceful demonstrations, boycotts, strikes and labor negotiations. The great portion of social change happens slowly and gradually. These changes occur through subtle changes in the behaviors, rituals and beliefs in a culture or in the introduction of new cultures into a society. Religion, pop culture and subtle changes in climate can slowly alter the values and life style of the majority of a populace. An entire culture can become more or less patient, tolerant, understanding, optimistic, creative and creative by an accumulation of subtle changes that never rise to a level of violence or aggression. Laws are passed, attitudes are altered, and lifestyles and standards of living are reshaped without the general populace ever taking notice.

Some of the above discussion may well relate more to a feminine rather than masculine means of social change. While the masculine phallic imagery deals with the social change impelled by discovery and invention as well as through war, the feminine womb/vagina imagery may deal with some of the more subtle forms of social change. In mid December I offered many vaginal/womb symbols and discussed how they all revolve around images that relate to the home, nest, containers, and secret passage ways. The feminine images deal with protection, safety, flow, gestation and accumulation.

The ideas of slow gestation and accumulation were highly prevalent in the examples of social change we discussed that typically fall beneath the radar of most people’s consciousness. The first philosophers such as Plato, Socrates and Aristotle were very familiar with the feminine aspect of social change.

In fact it was Socrates, I believe, who first said that any man interested in changing society must first learn how to influence and change a woman. He said that it is often easier to change the mind of a man because his ideas are often logical and abstract and if you show him the truth in your argument he can change his mind fairly quickly. A woman, according to Socrates, does not just think with her mind but with her heart. With a woman you are not just changing an idea, or a thought, but are asking them to change the way they feel about life and live in the world.

Whether you agree with Socrates or not, there does seem to be some truth in the masculine tendency to divorce thought from feeling and the feminine tendency to fuse the two. There also seems to be some validity to the idea that men can change abruptly, and women prefer slow and careful change. This makes sense when you think of the womb/vagina images and realities of the process of gestation and the menstrual cycle. Women’s bodies seem to be so much more grounded into the cycles of nature, such as the seasons and the stages of the moon.

Before ending this post I’d like to review one other loose end which was posed during the last blog. That was the fact that most aggression is not overt and violent but rather indirect and passive. This is the realm of passive aggression which modern psychology has been so diligent in identifying its use and role.

There is no shortage of passive aggression or indirect ways of influencing social change. In the world of modern politics one could make a case that it is dominated by passive aggressive techniques and strategies. This is the realm of propaganda and public relations, of spin and innuendo. This is where leaders use fear as a way to get the public support. The Red Scare of the 50’s, and our modern war on terrorism are just two examples of this technique. The smear campaign along with the bumper sticker slogan form of verbal repetition are two others. So is the technique of getting public sympathy and support by posing yourself as a victim of others mud slinging or immoral actions. This is the world whereby we feel sorry for the major corporations who are always unjustly being attacked or sued, or the media outlet that is always attacked by the liberal press. This is also a world in which everyone hates us for our freedoms and our way of life, and only wants to kill us and take our freedom away.

In a future post I would like to fully explore the modern phenomena of the power of victimhood. Yet, maybe in the next post on dominance and control I’ll be able to outline some of its most prominent features.

Jim Guido

Violence and Aggression

The conclusions of studies into the role and function of violence and aggression in the human and animal world have been fairly consistent. They show that both males and females resort to violence when they feel threatened, cornered or highly confused. This is what is typically described as the fight or flight mechanism in which a creature either retreats or attacks in response to a sense of danger or peril.

In nature female’s of the species seem to prefer fleeing the situation unless their young are in danger, in those circumstances they will take on almost any foe. Males in both animal and human societies resort to violence and aggression when they feel threatened or to defend their territory. While both males and females protect their territory, males usually have a larger area. Females protect the home/nest while the males typically stake off a larger territory.

The bulk of animal aggression and violence unrelated to acquiring food usually has to do with defending oneself. Males also get violent and aggressive when meeting a rival during mating season, or when protecting a food or water source.

While the majority of violence is done to defend oneself, the males of the species often use violence and aggression to acquire and attain desired things. In most animals being violent in an offensive manner is done to attain food, shelter, water or a particularly advantageous living area.

Male humans resort to using violence and aggression to acquire desired things more often than most other creatures. Though females occasionally use aggression as a way to acquire desired things, it is rare for this behavior to be used in a habitual manner.

In previous posts I’ve stated that the role of violence and aggression in the male is currently overstated. The typical modern man can count on one hand the number of physical fights that he has engaged in since he became an adult.

Since the average person encounters many confusing and frustrating situations in his life time, and likewise can feel threatened or in danger many times a year, it is obvious that we have developed other ways of responding to danger and confusion.

Modern psychology has identified many subtle ways that people show aggression or try to hurt or ward off others. These methods are often described as being passively aggressive. The bulk of human conflicts which aren’t harmoniously resolved usually result in the use of passive aggression rather than brute force or physical contact.

This is not the time to get into a lengthy analysis of the role and function of passive aggression or of psychological warfare. Yet, it is important to realize that even dominant males do not respond to every conflict with brute force. It is logical that the weaker and less physically imposing people would resort to non-violent means of fighting or injuring others. This is why psychologists have often emphasized the role passive aggression plays in the female social world. Yet, in any given conflict the less physically imposing individual is more likely to engage in psychological or verbal ways of winning a battle.

What role does violence and aggression (both passive and active) play in social change? Are they the major means of social change, or are there more sophisticated and positive means of social change in use which make up the bulk of social change?

Potential answers to this will be explored in the next post.

Jim Guido

Male/Female Modes of Progress and Growth

In August I began writing posts on the male sex drive. At first I focused on the pervasive and strong impact of the inherent sex drive on the emotional and social development of the male adolescent. The demands of the male sex drive were found to be pivotal in how men feel about themselves and what they are willing to share with others.

This led into a comparison between the emphasis men place on activities, accomplishment and pleasure and the female focus on relationships and beauty. This in turn spawned a discussion regarding ways to successfully bridge the gender divide while creating mutually satisfying long term relationships.

During our exploration into the male sex drive we came across many popular myths regarding both genders. This in turn led us to investigate to what extent it is true to refer to our culture as being male dominated. After some discussion I put forward the hypothesis that our culture is male dominated but increasingly female oriented.

Oftentimes people use the Freudian concept of the phallic symbol to demonstrate how men are aggressive, violent and controlling by nature. We used this as a starting point and discussed not only the male (phallic) symbols but also introduced the female sexual images as well.

Our discussion then compared the images related to the phallus with vagina/womb symbols. The male phallic images were seen in objects and activities which related to penetration, probing and emission. These included the standard phallic images of guns, knives and missiles, but were complemented with more positive images as pens, paintbrushes, drills, tools, microscopes, telescopes, trains and submarines. The goals of the phallic images were expanded from aggression and control to include discovery, creativity, progress and expansion.

The female vagina/womb symbols included the purse, bank vault, gold mines, a ship’s hull, homes, nests, and many containers such as pots, pans, urns, vases and barrels. These images reflected the related goals of protecting, housing, accumulating, storing, and gestating.

At this point I’d like to add a few more observations comparing the male and female sexual symbols. The goal is for use this additional information into determining in what ways is society feminine and masculine.

While the male phallus is exposed the female genitalia is hidden. The exposure of the male phallus makes it logical that men would be direct, blunt and aggressive. Likewise, the hidden nature of the female genitalia leads to images of secretiveness, tact, nuance, diplomacy and passive aggression.

Another interesting characteristic of the phallus is that it its mode of growth is sudden, quick and expansive. In contrast the apparent changes of the womb/vagina are cyclic in nature and generally favor consistent growth and long incubation periods.

In the world of social and political change the phallus is akin to revolution and periods of sudden growth. The womb/vagina is more akin to evolution and bringing things slowly to fruition.

In yesterday’s post I was drawing upon this imagery when I talked of how aging democracies become less mercurial and more status quo oriented. This is an example of why I feel that modern democracies are becoming more feminine in their goals and methods. This is neither inherently a positive or a negative but rather only meant to point out that the modern view of our society being male oriented and dominated is a little overstated.

The early years of almost any social system are dominated by issues of quick and sudden change. Progress in such societies is usually quite dramatic and the previous status quo is viewed in a negative light. In the early stages of democracy an improvement in the standard of living is heralded along with expansions of personal freedom. The new citizenry is hopeful and the society is bustling with new technologies and ideas. This emphasis on quick, dramatic change is obviously male in nature.

In the infancy of the US there were many periods of huge change which improved the standard of living and health of its citizenry. Each improvement in the means of communication and transportation had dramatic impacts on the daily life of citizens. Likewise improvements in medicine, chemistry, physics, farm production, animal husbandry and agriculture had an impact on the quality of human life.

During the early years of the US it was in a state of perpetual expansion, not only in terms of technological growth and invention, but also in terms of physical space as prospectors and pioneers traveled south and west. From the phallic symbol perspective it makes sense that the Wild West was such a enticing fantasy for so many men.

As our society aged and we ran out of frontier land our lives had to integrate change in a new way. Once our borders stopped expanding our communities began to become more complex and intricate. This allowed us or maybe forced us to make life more predictable and safe.

Yet, as a society matures it’s rate of growth slows and its continued success increasingly depends on the existence of the status quo. Large successful businesses began to replace individual entrepreneurs. These larger enterprises began to fund and monopolize the bulk of research and through time became increasingly in control of which new technologies were developed and how they were implemented. Through time many successful enterprises evolved into huge monopolistic corporations which then became huge multinational corporations.

We are now at the point where are society is capable of absorbing incredible amounts of technological growth without damaging the status quo. We will not here point out the relative merits and drawbacks to this fact, but only will point that this method of growth is more in line with the vaginal/womb form than that of the phallus.

Due to the length of this post I will leave it to you to read between the lines and expand upon the basic ideas I’m suggesting here. I urge you to take the time to see how our society has changed from one of masculine means of progress and growth to a more feminized approach.

I’ll stop with a couple of examples of how the political process has become more feminine in its methods and goals. Years ago politicians were very direct, blunt and honest. They stood up for what they believed in and seldom worried about offending their audience. Sure they attempted to show people that they were good, but they also wanted to convince people they were right. Politicians not only tried to exhort people through slogans promoting national pride and patriotism, but also encouraged them to vigorously go their own way and grab the American dream.

Today, politicians are afraid to stand out and spend hours on wording things in a manner which will appeal to the widest audience. The pressure of pleasing the electorate has weakened the desire to speak one’s mind. While the old politicians told people to roll up their sleeves and make sacrifices the modern politician relies on feel good issues or on posing their opponent as evil or dangerous. While the old politician talked of common sense and the need to raise taxes to get what one wants, todays politicians find sly and secretive ways to tax citizens while bragging that they will never vote to raise taxes.

The political world used to be very masculine in its methods of getting in people’s faces and challenging them, today almost no one understands the hidden working of politics and instead they have to rely on innuendo and half statements made by political handlers to guess at a candidates position.

Jim Guido

Democracy: Inspiration, Fear and Sympathy

More than a few social thinkers, philosophers and sociologists have noticed a rather dramatic change in how power is maintained and held in modern societies. While the old fashioned method of brute force and dictatorships continue to exist, relatively new methods of acquiring and maintaining power have manifested themselves in democratic societies.

Acquiring and maintaining public support is essential for a government in which its leaders are elected. Not only is it necessary to get elected, but public support is vital to the successful implementation of any social program or international policy.

When a democracy is young it is highly interested in change, invention and improvement in the quality of life. Yet, as a democracy ages it becomes more interested in maintaining the status quo and keeping those of wealth and power happy.

Leaders in a democratic society sought ways of getting popular support through finding slogans, ideas and platforms which the bulk of the populace would enthusiastically endorse. Leaders in democratic societies showed how their policies created a higher standard of living while increasing and insuring freedoms. They fostered the concepts of national pride and rugged individualism. All citizens shared in the bounty of the empire and could be proud of the values and goodness of its way of life.

Social thinkers were realizing the importance of positive public relations and teaching its leaders how to use images and ideas to forge and galvanize public support. Politicians began to realize that how you said something was more important that what you said. Presentation became as, if not more important, than substance. Beautiful words and ideas which motivated and inspired the public became the means of not only getting elected, but also for getting support for programs and government actions.

Yet, as we said before, as a democracy ages it becomes less interested in change and more interested in maintaining the status quo. It is easy to inspire people when their standard of living is on the rise, but it is harder to get public support when it’s citizens standard of living is stagnating or declining. It is also hard to get people excited when they see the gap between the haves and have nots increasing. This is standardly the case in aging democracies such of ours.

So how does a political or business leader garner and maintain support in a democracy under such conditions. Well, social psychology adds two more weapons to the public relations arsenal. First, instead of inspiring the electorate you get their sympathy, and second you get them to desire the status quo by making the alternative scary and unappealing.

Since the 50’s the political leaders of the US have consistently used fear as a way to maintain the status quo. The US exited WWII as the undisputed economic and political leader of the world. Even while the standard of living was on the incline the methods of maintaining the status quo were apparent. Political conservatism was insured by the great red scare and war against internal as well as external communism. The cold war dominated the hearts and minds of most US citizens for the next couple of decades. Yet, even before the downfall of the USSR we had broadened our fear base to include the middle-east OPEC nations who were held responsible for the great stagflation of the late 70’s.

In the late 80’s through current times the threat of the middle east has grown into a full fledged war on terrorism. Many have made this a war of religious beliefs and ideals, making the battlefield extend to the after life as well as our daily survival.

Creating a social environment dominated by fear has two benefits for those in power. One, as already pointed out, it helps people become more enamored with maintaining the status quo. Two, it fosters emotional support for the government to engage in brute force means of defeating the evil which threatens the existence of a free democracy.

Yet, emerging from this fear mongering is an alternative way of getting public support. In fact this alternative method has firmly replaced inspiration as the dominant method to win elections and get support for political platforms. This method not only dominates public relations for politics, but business as well.

Instead of inspiring people with visions and dreams of a better life the politician and corporate head poses himself as the defender of good who is vigilantly battling the enemy. This embattled leader inspires and exploits our sympathy. His method of getting elected and maintaining public support is through having us view him/her as a just and good person taking on the immoral and evil opponent.

Social psyhologists had long ago identified the power of sympathy as an easier way to get support than admiration. In modern society power is often attained in this way. In the next post we will continue this discussion. The emotion of sympathy is very important in the power of victimhood. It is my contention that being a victim is not only a prevalent means of getting support and power in the political and business worlds, but also in daily life in mature democracies.

Jim Guido

Power and Strength

In the last few posts we’ve been trying to assess the ways in which our society is dominated and oriented along gender tendencies. We’ve previously stated the likelihood that society is male dominated while  being female oriented.

In the previous post I mentioned the possibility of looking at primate society as a means of seeing its similarities or vestiges in our modern society. In the higher primates we often find the social group is dominated by a male, the larger the group, the more males are present in the community. Yet, it is rare that the dominant male shares his power with any of the other males.  In fact, the dominant male usually spends the bulk of his time and energy intimidating, threatening and bullying the other males of the band.

Once the original fighting to establish the dominate male is complete, and he now sees himself as having mating rights with all of the females, the number of physical fights decreases or vanishes completely. Despite the lack of challenges or challengers the dominant male continues to routinely threaten and intimidate the other males, and is ever vigilant in his desire to show everyone who is boss.

The other males in the band generally avoid and ignore the dominant male and just go about their lives. Studies have shown that the recessive males are healthier and live longer than the dominant male, and autopsies have shown that the dominant males apes and chimps have stress related symptoms such as heart disease, high cholesterol, etc. at a much higher rate and degree than the other males of the troop.

This supports what I proposed last post that the bulk of power in human societies is horded to a small percentage of dominant males, and that it is misleading to say that men have all the power in our society. Like primate societies, most human societies are dominated by a few males. And like primate societies the dominant males spend the bulk of their time and energy intimidating, bullying and threatening the other males to such a degree that even when their are no rivals or challengers  present they continue to thump their chests and terrorize and humiliate the rest of male members of their tribe. To a lessor degree, but still applicable, many dominant males view the entire female population as a mate pool and spend much of their energy courting and trying to force sexual intercourse with a significant number of the band.

Yet, at this point we’re only viewing power in the narrowest sense of brute force and physical aggression. As we stated before while brute force may be the preferred method of the dominant male, it is not the standard method of power for the remainder of men. Many men find power in their ability to know and understand and in their ability to create and invent. They may have a prowess which gives them power. These prowesses can be artistic, mental, athletic or professional.

When comparing the physical strength of males and females we find that their are areas in which women are stronger. In general, men are stronger when it comes to upper body and leg strength, yet woman have stronger bones in the areas of the hips and waist. Women aren’t as vulnerable as men in the pubic area, and generally are more flexible than men. If we judged strength through longevity woman are definitely stronger than men.

So what does an expanded vision of power look like, and how do men and women compare in this manner. Our standard definition of power focuses on brute force and active aggression. Yet, modern psychology has identified the fact that most of human interactions involve less direct means of power called passive aggressive acts.

Passive aggressive acts use power in indirect and usually less physical ways. This is the realm of psychological warfare, of guilt, shame and humiliation. This is the realm where one defeats the other through getting one excluded from the group, defaming them, making them look stupid, or turning the group against them. Passive aggressive methods are hidden and indirect, its methods include not only humiliation, but stealth, rumor, manipulation and deception.

While brute force is seen as the male form of power, passive aggressiveness is generally viewed as a female form of power. I would be the first to admit that many men are as passive aggressive as many women, but it’s indirect and hidden nature better reflects the vaginal/womb imagery rather than the phallic. Male sex images and symbols like their gonads themselves are plainly visible and out there. Their means of power even when not violent or physical are more overt. There is nothing hidden in the means of exhibiting male power in the phallic world of probing, penetrating and emitting. The alternative forms of male power in the arts, sciences, athletics and philosophy is not hidden.

Yet the womb and vagina along with the bulk of their related symbols are hidden. This is why it is easy to see how the indirect use of power is more feminine in nature, even before we take into consideration the need to be indirect due to the comparative physical strength of males.

In the next post we will compare the uses and functions of male brute force and female passive aggression in modern society.

Jim Guido

Wealth and Power

In the previous two posts I’ve discussed the ways in which society is female oriented while being male dominated. By contrasting the male phallus imagery with the female vagina/womb symbolism we attained the “unconscious” goals of the genders. Phallic symbols are all about penetration, probing, and emitting. Female vaginal symbols are dominated by images of containers, accumulation, housing and safety.

This led us to conclude that capitalistic society is very feminine in its desires and goals of consuming and accumulating wealth. Likewise, it is male dominated, where the phallic strategies of penetration and probing lead to aggression, control and a desire for power.

This bring us to the current topic of wealth and power and how it fits in with the gender tendencies we’ve been following. When considering this topic let’s not forget the pervasive male sex drive and the female emphasis placed on beauty.

The goal of the leaders of men was power and control. This power and control was not typically shared but formed a hierarchical structure where power was horded at the top. In most societies the percentage of men who had power or even autonomy were very small with the bulk of men functioning as pawns, serfs and slaves.

The drop off of power was severe and dramatic and in the majority of societies only a handful of people truly enjoyed the fruits and privileges of power. Even in democratic societies the number of men who were actually free or who had a say in the functioning of the government seldom reached more than 1% of the male populace.

The goal of the ambitious or Alpha male was power and control. Yet, even though few used this technique or enjoyed its benefits this became the view of the male personality. Though 99% of men were slaves and serfs modern thought has come to the conclusion that all men are power hungry and seek control. Modern psychology holds that the male gender is inherently violent, aggressive and its preferred means of settling conflicts is through brute force.

This view of the typical male does not seem to be born out by reality. Though I would agree that the typical male is more overtly aggressive than the average female, I would not go so far as to say that the majority of men resolve all conflicts or even a majority of conflicts with brute force.

Personally, other than frequent wrestling matches with my older brother while we were growing up, I can recall only one physical fight in my life time. And since I’ve turned twenty (over thirty years ago) I can only recall four occasions in which a single shove was involved between me and another person.

In order for this scant number of physical skirmishes to satisfy the modern definition of man, I must have had only 5-9 conflicts in my life. Though I must admit I’ve led a relatively smooth and happy existence I would say the number of conflicts I’ve had is well into the thousands and far more than could be counted on with my hands and feet.

I can tell you that though I grew up in a factory town with a hefty amount of poverty and gangs, I still witnessed or knew of very few physical fights. I have been fairly athletic and have played competitive sports such as basketball, tennis, football and baseball throughout my life, and once again while witnessing a lot of verbal battles have seen only a handful of actual physical confrontations.

Once again I want to emphasize that I’m not trying to deny that some men are frequently violent and aggressive and that their preferred method of dealing with conflict is brute force, what I’m trying to state is that the majority of men do not routinely use brute force as a strategy. Examples exist which support and give rise to any bias, prejudice or stereotype. Yet, a gender characterization should only continue when it is present in the vast majority of situations.

Also, I am not attempting to deny or minimize the fact that physical intimidation and violence aren’t significant issues to be dealt with, nor am I trying to defend or minimize the occurrences of domestic violence or violent crime.  One shouldn’t have to foster one misconception in order to prevent another one from forming.

In my discussions regarding the male sex drive I emphasized the need to neither deny nor glorify its pervasive role in male life. In fact, denying or repressing the biological imperative was seen as an important factor in the creation of sexual perversion and violence.  While investigating the current attitudes and methods of dealing with the male sex drive we outlined some of the long term negative impacts on the male self-esteem and ability to be emotionally available.

Likewise it is probably unhealthy and self-sabotaging for a society to tell all of its males that they are inherently violent creatures incapable of resolving conflicts in a civilized manner. This violent view of men has been transferred to society as a whole whereby the majority of people state that world peace or living in harmony is impossible and contrary to human nature. Though I will address more fully in a post later this month, I would just say here that once again this view is contradicted by reality. Just as I personally have witnessed general harmony with a few isolated physical fights, I have seen general peace with a few (yet significant) battles and wars.

Now let’s take this discussion back to the original issue of power and wealth. What we’ve posed so far is that the average man is not dominated by needs for power and control. In fact, the average man is himself dominated and controlled by a small percentage of Alpha males.

Historically, the goal of the ambitious man is power and control. They seek ownership as a means of establishing their power. Money, wealth and possessions have not been the goal, but rather a sign of their power and control. Money, wealth and fame have been their means of attracting and acquiring sexual favors from females. The courting process as well as the ability to maintain a sexual affair, or regularly use prostitutes depended on the ability to buy gifts and provide funds.

The male sex drive coupled with the phallic symbols of penetration lead one towards ambition, accomplishment and progress. So in a society where success is measured in the accumulation of capital and the possession of goods, men will strive to accomplish this. Yet, the goals are about sex and power (success)  not consuming and accumulation of objects.

If women were attracted to men who owned little and frugality was an aphrodisiac I doubt if men would be so enamored with buying and surrounding themselves with objects. It is the females who desire to build nests and surround themselves with beauty, comfort and luxury. It is not the typical man who yearns to pamper themselves or longs to spend the day at the spa, or who feels sad if his room is colorless and devoid of flowers and beautiful objects. It is not the typical man who gets a lift of high from a shopping spree or heart soars upon receiving an expensive gift or beautiful jewel.

In the first part of this post I talked of the differences between the Alpha male and the  rest of the male populace. In the next post I’ll expand on the significance of these differences.

Jim Guido